After suspension of Non-Cooperation movement, few young men did not like the theory of nonviolence. They had confidence that the British can be thrown out of the country by using of force and violence.⁣
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As a result, old Yugantar and Anushilan samiti got awaken and a new breed of terroristic kind of revolutionaries emerged from the unenthusiastic and unsatisfied Non-cooperators.⁣
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In 1924, at village Bholachang in East Bengal, there was meeting between some of these young men viz. Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Narendra Mohan Sen, Pratul Ganguly. Here, they established an offshoot to the Anushilan samiti. The name was chosen as Hindustan Republican Association on the lines of Irish Republican Army. The manifesto of this revolutionary organization was “The Revolutionary“.⁣
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The Objective of the HRA was to establish “Federated Republic of the United States of India” through an organized armed revolution”⁣
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The tactics of HRA were killing the officials; organize political dacoties to raise funds, terrorism among the British and British loyalists and strikes against the raj.⁣
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Despite being a revolutionary terrorist organization {the term terrorist was not derogatory in those days as compared to today}, the perspective of the HRA was socialistic and it wanted to establish a United States of India by deposing the British.⁣
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The idea attracted young champions; some immediately joined the organization, they were Bhagat Singh, ChandraShekhar Azad, Sukhdev, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri and many others. The first organized robbery of this group was the Kakori Train Conspiracy.⁣
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To oppose simon commission and responding to the rise in anti-colonial sentiment in 1928, the HRA became the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, with the change of name probably being largely due to the influence of Bhagat Singh.⁣
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By 1931, most of the HSRA’s main leaders were either dead or in jail. After Azad’s death, there was no central leader to unite the revolutionaries and regional differences increased. This effectively ended the HSRA as a united organisation. ⁣