The All-India Muslim League (popularised as the Muslim League) was a political party established in 1906 in British India. Its strong advocacy for the establishment of a separate Muslim-majority nation-state, Pakistan successfully led to the partition of India in 1947 by the British Empire.⁣
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The party was formed in Dhaka many years after the death of Syed Ahmad Khan who was central figure for the formation of the Aligarh Muslim University. Its original goal was to advocate for British education, especially science and literature, among India’s Muslims. ⁣
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Sultan Muhammad Shah (Aga Khan III) was appointed the first president of the Muslim League.⁣
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The League’s constitution was framed in 1907, espoused in the “Green Book,” written by Maulana Mohammad Ali.⁣
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The Muslim League’s insistence on separate electorates and reserved seats in the Imperial Council were granted in the Indian Councils Act after the League held protests in India and lobbied London.⁣
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Muhammad Iqbal, who in 1930 first put forward the demand for a separate Muslim state in India. The “Two-Nation Theory”, the belief that Hindus and Muslims were two different nations who could not live in one country, gained popularity among Muslims. ⁣
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On 28 January 1933, Choudhary Rahmat Ali, founder of the Pakistan National Movement, voiced his ideas about Pakistan in the pamphlet entitled “Now or Never: Are We to Live or Perish Forever?”⁣
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After then Under Jinnah’s leadership, League’s membership grew to over two million and became more religious and even separatist in its outlook.⁣
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The Muslim League played a decisive role in the 1940s, becoming a driving force behind the division of India along religious lines and the creation of Pakistan.⁣
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In the few years before the partition, the Muslim League “monetarily subsidized” mobs that engaged in communal violence against Hindus and Sikhs in the few areas. They paid assassins money for every Hindu and Sikh they murdered.⁣
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After the partition and subsequent establishment of Pakistan , All-India Muslim League was formally disbanded in India and the leftover Muslim League diminished to a minor party, that too only in Kerala